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Canton Merchant Volunteers Corps Uprising
Canton Merchant Volunteers Corps Uprising (), refers to Chan Lim Pak's (陈廉伯, aka Chen Lian Bo) Canton Merchant Volunteers Corps fighting against Sun Yat-sen's (孙中山) Guangzhou Kuomintang Government in 1924 Guangzhou.
==Background==
In 1911, during the period of Xinhai Revolution, society was in chaos. Merchants in Canton established the Canton Merchant Volunteers Corps for self-defense and security. Chen Lianbo was elected commander, and also Director of Finance at the Canton Merchant Public Safety Organization (CMPSO, 广州粤商公安维持会). Chen supported the volunteer corps and lent funds for the Corps to buy weapons. In 1917, Chen Lianbo, delegated as leader of CMPSO, continued to support weapons for the corps. In August 1919, he served as the regimental commander of Canton Merchant Volunteers Corps. Size of the Corps reached thirteen thousands in 1924. The Corps maintained a neutral attitude during this period of frequent regime changes in Guangzhou. For their protection of merchants' interests and public security, the Corps were welcomed by many citizens in Guangzhou.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=陈廉伯故居 )〕〔(《近代廣州商人與政治（1905-1926）》 )〕
In 1923, allying with the Yunnan clique and Guangxi clique, Sun Yat-sen's army defeated Chen Jiongming (陈炯明) and occupied Guangzhou. However, Sun broke his promises in Constitutional Protection Movement to reconstruct the Kuomintang government. Instead, a law of conscript was passed,〔《广州市 民之愤言》，华字日报， 香港，1923年11月16日。〕 property from temples confiscated for sale; which angered many citizens. Furthermore, the government issued large sum of money to fund itself.〔民国十二 年香港商务之回顾，华字日报，香港，1924年2月12日〕 Due to its huge military expenses, the KMT Government had to revoke the prohibition on gambling, which was implemented during the governance of Chen Jiongming. These governmental decisions dissatisfied the commons to a large extent.〔(陈炯明研究 )〕
In January 1924, after the First National Conference of Kuomintang, KMT adopted a new policy of "Unite Russia" and "Accept Communism" (聯俄容共). Worrying that Sun would eventually adopt Communism in Guangzhou, Canton merchants changed their attitudes towards the KMT Government. In May, KMT Government in Guangzhou announced a law of "unified road ownership", so as to impose a new tax, and caused much further dissatisfaction. In August, many strikes happened in Guangzhou. The Canton Merchant Crops established its "Defense Headquarters of Canton Merchant Corps", in which Chen Lianbo was the commander, Deng Jieshi (邓介石) and Chen Gongshou (陈恭受) were elected as vice-commanders. After further negotiations, the government decided to withdraw the road ownership law, and the strike was suspended.〔(1924年广东“商团事变”再探：大元帅府管治混乱 )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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